Fibres To Fabrics by Bev Ashford

Author:Bev Ashford [Ashford, Bev]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781496984685
Publisher: AuthorHouse UK
Published: 2016-03-11T05:00:00+00:00

(Photo by Linda Spashett: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Counter_020.jpg .)

Machine Knitting

A basic weft knitting machine was invented by an Englishman, Reverend William Lee, in 1589 which consisted of eight needles (loops) per inch of knitting; he later developed a machine that had twenty needles per inch. However, he could not get a patent for the machines from Queen Elizabeth I because she considered the machines a threat to the hand-knitting industry. The machines were damaged by a group of hand knitters, so Lee fled to France with his brother where they developed and patented the knitting machines with the help of the French Huguenots. The first warp machine was introduced in 1768 and invented by an Englishman, Josiah Crane. It had a single guide bar and was used to make a hosiery fabric from silk in blue and white zigzag stripes. Warp machines developed further during the 1950s to 1970s with higher speeds, more needles per inch (finer gauges), wider machine beds, more guide bars (up to seventy-eight) which could produce complex net structures, triaxial structures, 3D structures and fashioned (shaped) structures. The variety of machines combined with the development of yarns brought a wide variety of knitted textures and products to the market.

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